Applied Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Applied Business Ethics - Essay Example In marketing, ethics are extremely vital as they affect the performance of an organization (Cohen, 2007). Ethics is the principles one uses to make an outright decision. Marketing sections face their own set of ethical dilemma-related problems concerning pricing, product development, distribution and advertisements. Many organizations may be faced by a dilemma in choosing the advertisement approach to take (Harding, 2010). This is evident on whether to adopt sexual and emotional appeal advertisements as part of the marketing strategy. Justification The use of sexually appealing advertisements has been on the rise in the recent past years. It is becoming more blatant as marketers are trying to find ways to overcome the media clutters. These adverts are integrated with persuasive sexual information (Liu, Li & Cheng, 2006). Such techniques are intentionally controversial in order to grab the attention of an individual, thus, creating the product awareness. Although this approach of adve rtising is popular, it faces criticism due to the ethical dilemmas surrounding it. Emotional appeal, on the other hand, is based on three ideas. The consumer does not pay much attention to the advertisement. Secondly, consumers do not notice rational appeals unless they are looking for the product being advertised. Last and most prominent, use of emotional adverts, attempts to capture the attention of the viewer and link the consumer to the product being advertised. The use of sex and emotional appealing adverts have led to the growth of many businesses because of the homogenous belief that consumer needs, and interest are alike (Chan et al., 2007). However, organizations are faced by ethical challenges when adopting them. Therefore, an organization should critically decide the marketing approach to adopt. The cultural image of the organization is mainly founded by products and services they offer. Adverts integrated with sex appealing images are at times seen to be pornographic. Th is often leads to the notion that the organization promotes it, which adversely affects the image of the organization. The use of the female sexual icons in the adverts may also lead to distortion of many norms and beliefs, especially the young and innocent people who cannot distinguish the appropriate content of the advert (Foley, 1999). This often derails the values of the community at large. The use of emotional appeal contexts has been criticised ethically. It has been argued that businesses utilizing emotional appeal tend to exploit the viewers’ emotions. Businesses may be marketing a flawed product or a product which can bring harm to the society, but due to the emotional attachments the viewer has developed, one may end up buying it. It may also persuade one to buy what might not be needed. Ethical decisions making The ethical decision making process of solving this dilemma should be based on the two approaches; teleology and deontology. The deontological methodology i s concerned with the notions of universal truths, values and principles, to be followed irrespective of the situation. The categorical imperative stated by Kant, dictates that faced by a situation, one should respond in a way which is consistent and conforms to the ethical principles. He should also be content and comfortable with the decision made with full consideration of others. Therefore, in deciding on the effective marketing

Planning Law And Implementation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Planning Law And Implementation - Essay Example Some of the key administrative roles of the planning agencies include preparing and implementing policies, organising and allocation of goals and solving the conflicts that may arise from interest groups (Cullingworth & Nadin 2001, p.252). Since a planning policy can affect the future economic prosperity of a given area, it cannot be taken as an independent statutory activity of the state. Negotiations play a key role in implementing a planning policy. There is always a need to encompass the views of all interest groups in a given planning policy. Negotiations help to encompass all the activities and views of organizations involved in the planning process such as the central government, statutory bodies, local planning authorities, the market, and the public in the planning process. It is crucial to consider these interests to avoid conflicts after the full implementation of a policy. Each of these agencies mentioned above has a certain degree of influence in the planning process (Cullingworth & Nadin 2001, p.252). Their influence may be experienced at various stages of policy formulation as well as implementation. The degree of influence of these interest groups varies in different situations and different groups. The policy planners must make sure that they draft and implement policies that are most appropriate in a given administrative area. Through negotiations with the interest groups, the varying opinions from these parties are put into consideration. However, these opinions are not used as a blueprint in the policy planning, but they are used as a scope for amendments where some factors may be taken into account. Negotiations also try to balance the market choice, which is the individuals’ desires, and the political choices that are the actions and the desires of the state (Cullingworth & Nadin 2001, p.253). The process of selecting and amending polices should not be taken as a technical problem solving task, which can only be undertaken by professionals with high skills and perfect knowledge. Any planning process should incorporate the technical issues with the behavioral actions and choices in different options. Following this relationship, the occurrence of conflicts is inevitable among the interested organizations, the state and individuals. Negotiation can be used to avoid these conflicts. # 2 The country and town planning in the United Kingdom have experienced many years of legislative, practical and professional experience behind it. At the end of the twentieth century, the commission on planning had a significant influence in the country. It has increased its environmental regulation and structural funds programmes through the new concept of spatial planning in the country. Spatial plans have been effective in solving the conflicts that arise from changes in land use and property development (Cullingworth & Nadin 2001, p.252). Spatial planning is an instrument that is helpful in establishing sustainable and long-term frame works for social, economic and territorial development both between and within countries. The main role played by partial planning is enhancing the integration among sectors like transport, housing, industry and energy. It is also an essential tool for improving the local and national systems of rural and urban development; this takes into account the environme ntal issues. Spatial planning plays both developmental and regulatory functions (Cullingworth & Nadin 2001, p.253). As a regulatory mechanism, spatial planning assists the government at local and national levels to give approval for a certain activity. As a development mechanism, the government uses it to elaborate on developmental tools necessary for